July 24, 2024 Leave a Comment

Ask the Employment Specialist: Prepare for the Second Job Interview

Dear Joanna,

I am so excited to report that I have been invited to a second interview for a position as a Human Resources Manager. After a year of looking for work and going on interviews, I really would like to succeed in this part of the process and finally get a job offer.

Please could you provide me with some suggestions as to what I need to know for the second interview. I was told that I would be meeting the person who would supervise me if I got hired for this position.

Signed: Almost at the finish line (AFL)

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July 24, 2024 1 Comment

How to Negotiate the Salary You Want

A common concern for job seekers is how to deal with the issue of salary; and because society tends to discourage conversations about our salaries, it makes sense that this is a challenging issue. As a result, job seekers often report feeling uncomfortable, even rude or selfish, when raising this issue with employers. This makes it even harder; employers don’t always want to talk about it, and candidates are unclear about how much to ask for or how to go about it.

Considering how difficult this question is, the best way to ensure you get what you need is to be as prepared as possible.

Prepare. Gather the information you need.

Let’s look at what it takes to prepare for the salary question:

1. Figure out your specific minimum acceptable income

Consider your particular financial situation and ensure you know what minimum income you need for yourself. Evaluate how much you would be willing and able to accept. Look at your budget and expenses. Consider your need for benefits such as health, vacation, and others, which might also be useful to discuss as part of the salary negotiation.

2. Gather information about what you could realistically expect

Not everyone will be paid the same for the same job. Salaries ranges will vary, depending on where you live, and given the experience and skills that you bring to the job, you will not necessarily be paid the same salary in a big city as you may in a small town, nor would you not be paid the same salary if you have ten years of experience, versus if you are entry-level.

This information is not easy to find. To get information about salaries offered by local employers, check online—look at websites that offer salary ranges, such as salary.com, and large job sites, such as indeed.ca. Another excellent source for this information is the Government of Canada’s Job Bank, which will help you see the salary ranges across the country and provide you with additional information about your field, such as labour market trends and more.

One of the most accurate ways to gain relevant, detailed information is to consult with people in your target field. Contact people (LinkedIn is a great place to do that) and tell them you are researching the field. Don’t worry: you won’t be asking for their salary, but rather a general idea of the pay range and benefits.

Other factors to consider might be whether the position is unionized, which would restrict space for negotiation. Also, the size of the company and its capacity to pay higher salaries should be considered. Other factors to be aware of are whether the position is permanent, full or part-time and permanent, contract, or temporary.

Look closely at the company to which you are applying. Check its website to see if it has indicated salaries on the hiring page. Also, do an online search; sites such as Glassdoor might offer insights into the salary ranges paid for that particular position at that company.

3. Formulate your “ask”

Next, identify the salary range that would work for you based on existing salary ranges, your skills and abilities, and how much you are willing to accept.

To negotiate effectively, it helps to be able to explain why you deserve a particular salary. For example, if you know that the company offers a range of $50-$60,000 for the job, consider how much you could ask for and why; if you think you deserve the higher end of that range, be ready to defend that request. Be prepared to tell the employer what you bring that makes it worth their while to pay you more — maybe it’s the amount of experience you have, the special expertise you might bring, or any other unique assets you think you bring to the position.

The Negotiation

Once you are clear about the salary range and your argument for your specific expectations, think of how and where you will have this discussion.

Some employers will raise the salary issue early during the hiring process, even in the job posting itself. If the employer asks for you to specify a salary in the posting, I would not necessarily recommend answering it specifically in your cover letter — it may be better to simply say in your letter that you are open to negotiating the salary at the interview; otherwise, you might be restricting your capacity to negotiate later.

Unless the employer raises it first in the interview, it’s generally a good idea to hold back raising the salary question until later. Your goal is to make such an outstanding impression on the employer that by the time the salary discussion comes up, the employer has become firmly invested in your candidacy and might be more open to negotiating. So focus on making a great impression during the interview, and as the interview ends — possibly when they ask you whether you have any questions — raise the salary issue. If the interviewer doesn’t invite you to ask questions, squeeze it in anyway… “I just have one question…”. Word your question carefully: it may be easier to start the discussion by asking, “At what point will salary be discussed?”. But be prepared for them to say, “Let’s talk about it now.”

Some candidates understandably prefer to accept the given salary and to negotiate later, perhaps a few months after starting the job. That’s a perfectly reasonable approach as well.

To sum up:

Be prepared for the salary question. If you indicate to the employer that you take this seriously, the employer will, too. Be prepared with a good suitable range and be willing to defend your particular request. Keep in mind the other factors influencing your decision — if the job is more important than the wage for you right now, perhaps you’ll accept an entry-level salary; if the wage is essential for you to be able to survive, then perhaps fight a little harder for the salary that you need.

The more confident and well-prepared you are, the better an impression you will make on the employer.

July 24, 2024 1 Comment

The Pros and Cons of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for Job Search

It’s nearly impossible these days to read the news without coming across discussions about how Artificial Intelligence (AI) is going to make everything so easy that it will “eventually take away all our jobs.” Such scary predictions are hard to challenge when AI seems vast and confusing.

So here’s a definition: AI is a field of computer science that focuses on creating technology that can perform tasks that usually require human intelligence. It does so by gathering a large amount of data and “learning” from it. This “machine learning” trains computers to recognize patterns in the data to make predictions or decisions. As a result, it can be used to perform a range of tasks that humans usually do—only quicker and (sometimes) better.

For job seekers and employers, new AI-driven technologies bring a huge and dizzying array of tools that claim to make hiring and job search better and more efficient. It’s important to note that your job search already relies on AI in many ways.

If used thoughtfully, AI can be a helpful tool. But it is important to remember that there are still many ways in which humans are much better at job search than machines.

Let’s look at some of the ways AI is already being used, some of the tools you might want to consider, and when it’s worth relying on human skills to best navigate the job search process and stand out from the competition.

1. Optimizing Resumes and Cover Letters

When you upload your resume and cover letter to a recruiting site, ATS recruiting tools scan, sort, and select those that best match the employer’s specific job descriptions. Some AI tools (such as JobScan and Zety) can be helpful for job seekers to analyze job postings, identify the most suited keyword, and optimize resumes and cover letters. They can help highlight relevant skills and ensure compatibility with the posting, which might improve the chances of the resume and cover letter you have submitted being identified by ATS and forwarded to the employer.

Another use of AI is to help with language, grammar and spelling (I use Grammarly for this – its Chrome extension has a useful free option for checking basic spelling and grammar, regardless of whether you are a first-language English speaker).

Cautionary note: Some AI platforms offer to write your resume and cover letter, often for a fee. But there are some reasons to be skeptical of such offers. Firstly, there’s no reason to spend money when there are organizations such as JVS Toronto that can help with writing a better, more personalized resume for free.

Secondly, you will be required to share a lot of personal information with the app for your resume. That information then becomes the property of the platform, which should raise some privacy concerns for users.

Third, and most important to the job search, writing a resume and cover letter is very useful to prepare you for job interviews. The process allows you to think and sort through your work history and skills and figure out how to describe yourself best.

Finally, text written by AI tends to be impersonal and uninteresting. Employers are also increasingly aware that job seekers will use these tools. It’s possible that AI detectors will soon become part of ATS systems. When this happens, you don’t want to be dismissed as someone unwilling to invest the effort needed to do your job search.

2. Enhancing Job Search Experience

Many job search platforms (Indeed and LinkedIn) use intelligent algorithms to understand and match job seekers’ skills, interests, and experience with job postings in real time. They categorize and rank job listings based on relevance and create a tailored job search experience for job seekers. This is why LinkedIn can impressively recommend jobs to you that you might not have considered, simply based on your profile, contacts, and activities on the platform.

3. Interview Preparation and Practice

An increasing number of online apps and platforms offer AI-based virtual interviews that simulate real interview scenarios and offer job seekers feedback and opportunities to practice their skills.

Cautionary note: These are still in the early stages of development and are not necessarily effective. Also, job seekers should keep in mind that employers rely on job interviews to evaluate interpersonal and communication skills, and despite AI algorithms’ impressive ability to use data and identify patterns, it is not good at understanding the complexities of being human and building relationships. Humans still do that better, and a skilled employment counsellor/coach can do a much better job at helping you figure out how to impress an employer in interviews.

4. Personalized Learning and Skill Development

AI-powered learning platforms (LinkedIn Learning, for example) facilitate personalized skill development by recommending relevant courses, certifications, or workshops based on individual job seekers’ career goals and aspirations. These platforms use machine learning algorithms to analyze user behaviour, assess skill gaps, and provide tailored learning recommendations.

By leveraging AI, job seekers can continuously upskill, often at their own pace, to stay competitive and adapt to the ever-changing job market. LinkedIn Learning is free through many educational institutions and public library systems.

5. Networking and Building Connections

To help you expand your network to people who might be helpful in your career, LinkedIn’s AI-based platform analyzes information (data points) in your and others’ profiles and identifies shared interests and locations. It then suggests connections to people with similar backgrounds or shared professional goals. This can help you expand your network, strengthen relationships, and tap into hidden opportunities. It also enables automated follow-ups, reminders, and personalized messaging to nurture and build professional connections that could help you with your job search.

So, to conclude, it is important to recognize that AI will become an integral part of the job search process as technology evolves. Your challenge as a job seeker is to use the tools available with care but be aware of the risks. Using too much AI to write your resumes and cover letters and prepare for interviews can make you sound more like a machine than a person and won’t necessarily help you stand out. As we face new technology, we all must strive to find a balance between using machines and keeping the human touch — after all, employers are still (for now) human.

Navigating the various things that come with employment search, including understanding the role AI could play in this, can be an intimidating experience. JVS Toronto offers free workshops that can help ensure that you have a resume and cover letter that can beat out AI-driven templates. Not only that, but our 1-on-1 personalized employment services can also help you use AI to your advantage, overcome gaps in your experience history, and help newcomers secure their Canadian experience, among other things! Contact us today to see how we can help you in your job search.

March 28, 2023

Job Search Workshop for Newcomers – In-Person

Start your Job Search in Canada with this 3-day in-person workshop.

Give us 3 days and we will give you more confidence and an understanding of your occupation in Canada. Learn what skills and qualifications companies want and where the jobs are. You’ll get:

An assessment of your unique needs
One-on-one job search coaching
Job search assistance and support
A personalized action plan
Valuable info about job search strategies and Canadian businesses
Access to job postings

Open to permanent residents, convention refugees or live-in caregivers who are able to work and can communicate in English.

Participants must meet with a job search specialist prior to starting the program. To book your meeting, please fill out this registration form.

JSW

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What kind of program would you like to attend?

Online

In-Person

Do you currently live in Ontario? *

Yes

Please select your Immigration Status

Thank you for your interest in JVS Toronto services. Since you are located outside Ontario, you are not eligible for this program. However, you are welcome to attend our free workshops and events. Review our Workshop and Events Calendar here.

Thank you for your interest in JVS Toronto services. Due to your Citizenship Status you are not eligible for this program. However, you are welcome to attend our free workshops and events. Review our Workshop and Events Calendar here.

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For more information, please email JSW@jvstoronto.org